LPN vs. LVN: What’s the Difference?

Some states refer to LPNs as LVNs. These nurses provide basic medical care for patients in hospitals, long-term care facilities, and doctors’ offices. They check blood pressure, monitor vital signs, offer basic patient care like changing bandages, and help patients with daily tasks, including bathing and dressing.

They also communicate with patients about their concerns and report back to RNs and doctors. They must keep accurate patient records and provide high-quality patient care.

Specific LPN/LVN duties vary depending on the state and work setting. In some states, they can collect medical samples and conduct routine laboratory tests. Some states also let them administer medication and start IV drips. LPNs and LVNs work closely with RNs and physicians and can provide certain care under RN supervision in most states.

LPNs and LVNs must earn certificates or diplomas and pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-PN) to earn state licensure. These nurses share the same responsibilities, with the only notable difference relating to location. While California and Texas use the title licensed vocational nurse, other states use the title licensed practical nurse.

When making LPN vs. RN comparisons, prospective professionals should recognize that RNs must complete additional training, pass a different exam, and hold a different license. While an LPN/LVN only needs a one-year certificate or diploma, an RN needs at least an associate degree and an RN license to practice.

RNs coordinate with physicians to provide patient care, such as recording medical symptoms, observing patients, and administering treatments. RNs also supervise LPNs/LVNs. Due to increased training and responsibilities, RNs typically make more than LPNs/LVNs. RNs earned a median salary of $75,330 as of May 2020, while LPNs and LVNs took home a median salary of $48,850 in the same period.

LPNs/LVNs hold either certificates or diplomas in nursing from vocational schools or community colleges. These programs include coursework and clinical experience to prepare LPNs and LVNs to work with patients.

Certified nurse assistants (CNAs) participate in training programs offered through educational institutions, professional organizations, or government bodies. These similarly include classes and clinical components but span a shorter amount of time.

LPNs/LVNs and CNAs work under the supervision of fellow nurses and physicians, but an LPN/LVN often oversees the duties of a CNA, too. LPNs/LVNs and CNAs interact with patients, but CNAs cannot administer medical care. CNAs often focus on administering basic care, such as bathing, feeding, and transporting patients. LVNs and LPNs perform medical tasks such as taking vitals, drawing blood, or assisting physicians during procedures. LPNs and LVNs earn higher annual salaries than CNAs.

Most LPN and LVNs find work in nursing homes, residential care facilities, and hospitals. In these 24-hour facilities, LPNs and LVNs often work outside of typical business hours. Some LPNs and LVNs provide care in patients’ homes, which may also require irregular hours. LPNs/LVNs who work in doctors’ offices may work regular business hours.

The median salary for LPNs and LVNs in 2020 fell just shy of $50,000, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS,. The BLS estimates above-average growth in employment for LPNs/LVNs from 2019-2029, with top-paying positions in government and healthcare settings. The projected growth bodes well for aspiring and current LPN/LVNs.